Nd: YAP
Nd:YAP (Nd3+: YAlO3), the structure is distorted perovskite, belonging to oblique hexagonal crystal system, and spatial group is Pbnm, whose axes a, b and c are perpendicular to each other, belongs to negative uniaxial crystals and is anisotropic. Among the numerous neodymium-doped laser crystals, Nd: YAP crystal not only has high thermal conductivity, but also has a larger excited emission cross section at 4F3/2–4 I13/2 transition. They are one of the most effective laser crystals known at present for the high-power operation at the 1300nm, the crystal is mainly pumped by LD. 1300nm lasers are widely used in the field of medicine, optical fiber communication and military. What’ s more, water molecule has good absorption at this laser band. Which makes it have a very good hemostatic ability, and widely used in laser therapy, such as hemostasis, neurosurgery, resection of pathological tissues and wrinkle removal. In addition, Nd: YAP crystal has natural birefringence characteristics, which is very beneficial to overcome the thermal depolarization and nonlinear frequency transformation of laser.
- High thermal conductivity
- Large excited emission cross section
- High laser gain
- Low laser threshold
- Anisotropy
Optical Communication
1600nm laser
Medical Applications
2.94μm laser
| LD pumped intracavity frequency-doubled and frequency-stabilized Nd:YAP/KTP laser Optics Communications,Volume 201, Issues 1–3,50002,Pages 165-171 |
| Mode-locked diode-pumped Nd:YAP laser Optics Communications,Volume 130, Issues 1–3,49996,Pages 41-43 |
| Multiwatt CW diode end-pumped Nd:YAP laser at 1.08 and 1.34 μm: influence of Nd doped Optics Communications,Volume 212, Issues 1–3,50002,Pages 139-148 |
| Passive mode-locking of a Nd:YAP laser at 1.3414 μm by using a convex-antiresonant Optics Communications,Volume 123, Issues 4–6,49996,Pages 543-546 |
| Pulsed Nd:YAP laser at 1432nm pumped with high power laser diode Optics Communications,Volume 283, Issue 14,50010,Pages 2881-2884 |
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| 1.3414μm Nd:YAP pulse laser in Q-switched mode Optics Communications,Volume 260, Issue 1,50006,Pages 248-250 |
| A single wavelength 1339nm Nd:YAP pulsed laser Optics Communications,Volume 282, Issue 22,50009,Pages 4397-4400 |
| CO2 and Nd:YAP laser interaction with lithium disilicate and Zirconia dental ceramic Optics & Laser Technology,Volume 57,50014,Pages 216-223 |
| High-power continuous-wave diode-side-pumped Nd:YAP/LBO 670.7nm red laser Optik,Volume 127, Issue 3,50016,Pages 1094-1096 |
| High-power CW diode-side-pumped 1341nm Nd:YAP laser Optics Communications,Volume 270, Issue 2,50007,Pages 296-300 |
| In vitro study of dentin hypersensitivity treated by Nd:YAP laser and bioglass Dental Materials,Volume 21, Issue 6,50005,Pages 511-519 |
| LD end pumped mode locked and cavity dumped Nd:YAP laser at 1.34μm Optics Communications,Volume 284, Issue 12,50011,Pages 3014-3017 |
| LD end pumped, actively mode locked and passively Q-switched Nd:YAP laser at 1341nm Optics Communications,Volume 283, Issue 4,50010,Pages 570-573 |
Parameter
| Materials | Nd: YAP |
| Orientation | <5° |
| Parallelism | ≤10″ |
| Perpendicularity | ≤5′ |
| Surface Quality | 10-5 (MIL-O-13830A) |
| Wavefront Distortion | λ/8 @ 633nm |
| Surface Flatness | ≤ λ/10 @632.8nm |
| Clear Aperture | >95 % |
| Length tolerance | +0.5/-0mm |
| Thickness/Diameter Tolerance | ±0.05 mm |
| Damage Threshold | ≥500MW/cm2 |
| Crystal Structure | orthorhombic – Pbnm |
| Lattice Constants | a=5,176, b=5,307, c=7,355 |
| Density | 5,35 g/cm3 |
| Melting Point | 1870°C |
| Thermal Conductivity | 0,11 W/(cm K) |
| Thermal Optical Coefficient(dn/dT) | na:9.7×10-6 K-1 nc:14.5×10-6 K-1 |
| Thermal Expansion/(10-6·K-1@25°C) | 9.5 (a axis), 4.3(b axis), 10.8(c axis) |
| Hardness (Mohs) | 8.5 |
| Shear Modulus /Gpa | 2.2×1012 dyn/cm2 |
| Specific Heat | 400 J/(kg K) |
| Linear dispersion δn/δT [10-6K-1] | 9.7 (na) |
| Laser Transition | 4F3/2→4I9/2 930 nm 4F3/2→4I11/2 1079 nm |
| 4F3/2→4I13/2 1340 nm 4F3/2→4I13/2 1432 nm | |
| Laser Wavelength | 930nm 1079nm 1340nm |
| Fluorescence Lifetime | 170ms |
| Refractive index @1064 nm | na=1,929, nb=1,943, nc=1,952 |
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| Nd YAP absorption polasrized | Nd YAP absorption unpolasrized |
 | |
| Nd YAP Emission Spectrum |
| Wavelength (nm) | Emission Cross Section 10-19cm2 | ||
| a-cut | b-cut | c-cut | |
| 1079 | 2.05 | 1.76 | 1.38 |
| 1340 | 1.13 | 0.97 | 0.78 |
| 1432 | 0.34 | ||
