Tm: YAP
Tm:YAP laser crystal (Tm-doped YALO3).The wavelength of Tm:YAP laser is stable around 1.94 μm and depends on the direction of the crystal. Tm:YAP has highest local absorption in the IR region, it’s lifetime is from 3.81ms to 4.93ms, the temperature range is between 30◦C and 1350◦C. Tm:YAP crystal has a-c directions, the a-cut and b-cut Tm:YAP laser are widly used. In regard to Tm:YAP, the upper laser energy have 9 3H4 Stark levels, and the lower laser energy have 13 3H6 Stark levels. Tm:YAP has better performance and availability of high power laser at 794 nm. Tm:YAP is an outstanding crystal for high efficiency laser output.
Tm:YAP– 2um high efficiency output laser crystal.
As 2um laser crystals, Tm:YAP crystal havs a wide range of applications in medicine, laser radar and also atmospheric sensing. For example, Tm:YAP laser is a continuous-wave laser delivered via silica fibers, it would have great potential for stereotaxic neurosurgery. The fiber-coupled Tm:YAP laser system have been proposed for the delivery of photothermal therapies in medical applications.
- High efficiency laser output
- Highest local absorption in the IR region
- Good physical and chemical performance
- Direct line polarized laser emission
- Laser radar
- Atmospheric sensing
- Stereotaxic neurosurgery
- Photothermal therapies
| 1.99 micron Tm:YAP acousto-optical Q-switch laser Ya Wen et al 2019 IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng. 563 032007 |
| 102 mJ electron-optic Q-switch Ho:ScSi2O5 laser end-pumped by continuous-wave Tm:YAP laser Optik – International Journal for Light and Electron Optics 173 (2018) 60–64 |
| 190-fs passively mode-locked thulium fiber laser with a low thresholdComparison of Yb:YAG crystals grown by CZ and TGT method OPTICS LETTERS / Vol. 21, No. 12 / June 15, 1996 |
| A Laser-Diode-Pumped Widely Tunable Single-Longitude-Mode Tm:YAP Laser at Room Temperature CHIN.PHYS.LETT.Vol.24.No.9(2007) 2594 |
| Anisotropy of thermal and spectral characteristics in Tm:YAP laser crystals Journal of Alloys and Compounds 453 (2008) 482–486 |
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| Comparison of Tm:YLF and Tm:YAP in thermal analysis and laser performance OCIS codes: 140.3480, 140.5680, 140.6810. |
| Continuously tunable diode pumped Tm:YAP laser Proc. of SPIE Vol. 6190 619008-2 |
| Development of a thulium (Tm:YAP) laser system for brain tissue ablation Lasers Med Sci (2011) 26:699–706 |
| Diode end-pumped passively Q-switched Tm:YAP laser with 1.85-mJ pulse energy OPTICS LETTERS / Vol. 40, No. 7 / April 1, 2015 |
| Diode-pumped Tm:YAP/YVO4 intracavity Raman laser Journal of Physics: Conf. Series 844 (2017) 012021 |
| High efficient mode-locked Tm:YAP laser emitting at 1938 nm by SESAM Optics Communications 347 (2015) 88–91 |
| High power slab Tm:YAP laser dual-end-pumped by fiber coupled laser diodes Opt Quant Electron DOI 10.1007/s11082-014-9961-8 |
| High power dual end pumped monolithic Tm:YAP microlaser. Journal of Russian Laser Research, Volume 40, Number 4, July, 2019 |
| Laser-diode dual-end-pumped electro-optic Q-switched slab Tm:YAP laser Infrared Physics and Technology 105 (2020) 103215 |
| Lasing in diode-pumped Tm:YAP, Tm,Ho:YAP and Tm,Ho:YLF Optics Communications 145 1998 329–339 |
| Measurement of H2O concentration by tunalbe laser absorption spectroscopy technique with a Tm:YAP solid-state laser Optik 127 (2016) 8277–8280 |
| Modulated and continuous-wave operations of low-power thulium „Tm:YAP… laser in tissue welding Journal of Biomedical Optics 153, 038001 May/June 2010 |
| Passive mode-locking of a Tm-doped bulk laser near 2 m using a carbon nanotube saturable absorber OCIS codes: (140.4050) Mode-locked lasers; |
| Passive q-switched operation of a Tm:YAP laser with the MoSe2 sayurable absorber. Journal of Russian Laser Research, Volume 41, Number 4, July, 2020 |
| Passively Q-switched 2 μm Tm:YAP laser based on graphene saturable absorber mirror APPLIED OPTICS / Vol. 53, No. 22 / 1 August 2014 |
| Passively Q-switched mode-locking of Tm:YAP laser based on Cr:ZnS saturable absorber Vol. 54, No. 14 / May 10 2015 / Applied Optics |
| Performance of acousto-optically Qswitched Ho:SSO laser pumped by a Tm:YAP laser Optical Engineering 54(3), 036105 (March 2015) |
| Research on the thermal effect and laser resonator of diodepumped thin-slab Tm:YAP lasers https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2018.09.029 |
| Stable pulse output of a diode-pumped Tm:YAP laser based on the longitudinal mode beating effect Wei Li et al 2020 Laser Phys. 30 035801 |
| Study on the Growth, Defects, and Optical Properties of Tm:YAP Crystal DOI: 10.1134/S0036024414110077 |
| Watt-level tunable narrow bandwidth Tm:YAP laser using a pair of etalons Vol. 57, No. 6 / 20 February 2018 / Applied Optic |
| Diode‐pumped-room-temperature-single-frequency-TmYAP-laser Laser Phys. Lett. 7, No. 3, 203–205 (2010) |
| Mode-locked-1.93um-thulium-fiber-laser-with-a-carbon-nanotube-absorber OCIS codes: 140.4050, 140.3510, 140.3560, 320.0320, 160.4330 |
Parameter
| Crystal Structure | orthorhombic – Pbnm |
| Thermal Conductivity | 11 W/(m*k) |
| Refractive Index at 632 nm | 1.92 (na), 1.93 (nb), 1.94 (nc) |
| Optical Transition | 3F4→3H6 |
| Absorption Cross-section | 3.7~8.5 x 10-21cm2 |
| Fluorescence Life | 4.4~7.7ms |
| Emission Cross-section | 5~6 x 10-21cm2 |
| Emission Wavelength | 1.98mm@a axis，1.94mm@b axis |
| Pump Wavelength of Diode | 794.8nm@a axis，793.5nm@b axis |
| Dopant Concentrations | Tm: 0.2~15at% |
| Orientations | [010] or [100]（Pnma）within 5° |
| Rod Sizes | Diameter 2~10mm, length 2~100mm |
| Wavefront Distortion | ≤0.125λ/25mm@632.8nm |
| Extinction Ratio | ≥25dB |
| Dimensional Tolerance | Diamter：+0.00/-0.04, length: ±0.5mm |
| Parallelism | ≤10″ |
| Perpendicularity | ≤5′ |
| Flatness | λ/8@632.8nm |
| Surface Quality | 10/5 (MIL-O-13830A) |
| Chamfer | 0.15±0.05mm |
| AR coating reflectivity | ≤0.25% |
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